Automatic brake.



Patented Dec. 24, I90].

J. HUGHES. AUTOMATIC BRAKE. Applicatidn filed Feb. 5, 1901.

3 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

m: NORRIS PETERS c0. PNOYCLUTHQ. wns msfom u. c.

No. 689,492. Patented Dec. 24, I901.

.1. HUGHES.

AUTOMATIC BRAKE.

(Application filed Feb 5, 1901.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets Sheet 2.

No. 689,492. Patented Dec. 24, I90I. J. HUGHES.

AUTOMATIC BRAKE.

7 {Application filed Feb. 5, 1901.)

3 Shaets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

- Nrrnn STATES JOHNSON HUGHES, OF WISSAHICKON, PENNSYLVANIA.

AUTOMATIC BRAKE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 689,492, datedDecember 24, 1901. Application filed February 5 1901. Serial No. 46,059.(No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, JOHNSON HUGHES,a resi-j dent of Wissahickon, in thecounty of Phila-f delphia and State of Pennsylvania, have in ventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Brakes, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The improvements of this invention are de signed to effect the automaticadjustment of the brake to the load controlled thereby. The mechanismemployed is regulated by the .power, so that the load is carried down bygravity at the desired speed. The grinding and gripping tendenciesof'brakes commonly employed are corrected by my mechanism.

The characteristic features and further advantages will be seen from thefollowing description, taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a view showing a side elevation of myinvention, parts being shown in section. Fig. 2 is a sectional viewtaken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional View taken on theline 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4is a sectional view taken on the line 4 4 ofFig. 1. Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Fig.6 is a side elevation, partly in section, in illustration of a modifiedconstruction. Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line 7 7 of Fig.6. Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 8 S of Fig. 6, and Fig.9 is a sectional view taken on the line 9 9 of Fig. 6.

As shown in the drawings, the drivingwheel 1, having the clutch-jaws, as2, and the lug, as 2', fixed thereon, is revolubly mounted on the shaft3 and held in longitudinal position thereon by the ring 4. A sleeve 5,longitudinallymovable on the shaft 3, but revolubly held thereto by thesplines 6, has clutchjaws, as 7, and a lug, as 7, adapted to engage theWheel clutch-jaws 2 and lug 2. The jaws 2 and 7 are engaged positivelywhen the Wheel is revolved in the direction of the arrow; but whenrevolved in the opposite direction the engaging inclined faces of thejaws 2 and 7 permit them relative motion of revo lution, which islimited by the engagement of the lugs or stops 2 and 7. A collar 8,revolubly loose but longitudinally fixed on the sleeve 5, has the shortaxles 9, which sustain the links 10, pivoted thereon. .A lever 11,connected at one end by the pivot 12 with the links and at the other endby the pivots 13 with the block 14, is rigidly fixed to a short shaft11, pivoted in bearings 15. Fixed to the shaft 11' are theslightly-inclined levers or arms 15, which are pivotally connected bythe short shaft 16 with the links 17, having the pivotal connection 18with the wheel 19, which carries the hoisting-rope 20. The block 14 issupported by the screw-threaded hanger 21, extending therethrough, theposition of the hanger with reference to the block being adjustablebymeans of the nuts 22. As illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive, thehanger has the pivotal connection 24 with a friction band or strap 23,which passes overa friction ring or drum 25. This ring has the flanges26, which guide the band 23, and the flanges 27, which inclose theperiphery of a bearing or hub 29, fixed to the shaft 3, and provide areceptacle for retaining a lubricant to reduce the friction between thering and the hub. A ratchet-ring 28 on the ring lies in the groove 30 ofthe hub 29, the ratchet being adapted to be engaged by the pawls 31,pivoted to the hub. A coiled spring 32, surrounding a sleeve 33, looseon the shaft 3, bears at one end against the hub 29 and at the other endagainst the sleeve 5, which is thereby normally held in clutchingengagement with the wheel 1. The longitudinally-movable sleeve 33bycontact with the hub 29 provides means for limiting the longitudinalmovement of the sleeve 5 and the consequent disengagement of itsclutch-jaws 7 from the clutch-jaws 2. The shaft 3 has a gear-wheel 34fixed on the end thereof, which may be connected in any usual manner, asby the gear-train 34( 34 34, with the hoisting-drum 35, ov'er'which andthe sheaves 36 the hoisting-rope 20 is carried from the wheel orequalizer 19.

As illustrated in Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive, the hanger 21 is connected byalink 38 with-a pivot 39 on the disk 40, which is loose on the shaft 3.A hub 41, fixed on the shaft 3, is provided with the groove 42, in whichthe pawls 43 are pivoted. A ratchet-ring 44 on the friction ring or drum45 lies in the groove 42, the pawls 43 being adaptedto engage'theratchet 44. A band or strap 46 is wound around the periphery of the drum45, one end of the strap being fixed to the disk 40 and the ICC otherend to a cylinder 47. The disk 40 closes the end of the cylinder 47, thehub 41, the drum 45, and the strap 46 being thus inclosed in thecylinder.- A stud 49 on the cylinder engages an arm 50, fixed to a shaft51, stationary relative to, the shaft 3, the cylinder being thusanchored in fixed position relative to the shaft 3. A ring 37, fixed onthe shaft 3, holds the spring In lifting the load the wheel 1 revolvesin the direction of the arrow, and the jaws 2 and 7being-positivelyengaged the shaft .3 is revolved through the sleeve 5,thus transmitting power through the gear-wheel 34, its train, and thedrum 35 to the load depending from the sheaves 36, the brake mechanismbeing entirely free, since there is no tendencyto move the sleeve 5longitudinally, and the hub 29 or 41, fixed on the shaft, revolves freeof'the ring 25 or 45. In lowering the load, the required tension of thestrap 23 or 46 with reference to the drum 25 or 45 hav ing been effectedby the adjustment of the nuts 22 on the hanger 21, the wheel 1 revolvesin the direction opposite to that of the arrow, and the shaft 3 isrevolved in the same direction through the action of the load. Thedescent is controlled by the brake, which is now applied through theengagement of the pawls 31 or 43 on the hub 29 or 41 with the ratchet 28or 44 of the friction-ring 25 or 45. The strap 23 or 40 is connectedwith the load through the slightly-inclined lever 15, which draws oracts to hold down the hanger 21 and the mechanism connecting the samewith the friction-strap. In case the brake is applied so that theresistance retards the revolution of the shaft 3 or causes it to lagbehind the revolution of the wheel 1, then the inclined face of the jaw2, acting on the inclined face of the jaw 7, effects the longitudinalmovement of the sleeve 5 away from the wheel 1, moving the links 10toward the Vertical and elevating the hanger 21, thus releasing thetension on the brake-strap and permitting the acceleration of the speedof the shaft 3 to that of the wheel 1.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In a brake mechanism, arevoluble shaft, a wheel having a clutch-jaw revolublymounted on saidshaft, a sleeve having a clutch-jaw longitudinally movable on saidshaft, a friction-ring, mechanism connecting said shaft and ring wherebysaid ring is engaged with said shaft in its revolution in one directionand free thereof in its revolution in the other direction, a brake-bandon said friction-ring, and mechanism connecting said sleeve and band forthe purpose set forth, substantially as specified.

2. Ina brake mechanism, arevoluble shaft, a wheel having a clutch-jawrevolubly mounted on said shaft, a sleeve having a clutch-jawlongitudinally movable on said shaft, a ring revoluble with relation tosaid shaft, clutching mechanism for engaging said ring and shaft, abrake-band on said ring, and lever mechanism'connecting said sleeve andband, substantially as specified.

3. In a brake mechanism, a revoluble shaft, 2. wheel having a clutch-jawmounted on said shaft, a sleeve having a clutch-jaw longitudinallymovable on said shaft, a ring revoluble with relation to said shaft, abrake-band on said ring, a clutch mechanism for engaging said ring withsaid shaft, a link pivotally connecled with said sleeve, and a leverpivoted to said link and having a pivotalconnection with said ban'd,substantially as specified.

4. In a brake mechanism, a revoluble shaft, a bearing fixed on saidshaft, a ring revolubly mounted on said bearing, a clutch mechanismconnecting said ring and bearing, a brake-band on said ring,a leverconnected with said brake-band, a sleeve longitudinally movable on saidshaft, and alink connecting said sleeve with said lever, substantiallyas specified.

5. In a brake mechanism, a revoluble shaft, a sleeve longitudinallymovable on said shaft, a link pivotally connected with said sleeve, afriction-brake, clutch mechanism for connecting said brake with saidshaft, and releasing mechanism connecting said link with said brake,substantially as specified.

6.' In a brake mechanism, a revoluble shaft, a sleeve revolubly fixedbut longitudinally movable on said shaft, a collar revolubly loose onsaid sleeve, a link pivotally connected with said collar, afriction-brake comprising a rotary member and a band thereon, clutchmechanism for connecting said rotary member with said shaft, and a leverconnecting said band with said link,for the purpose specified.

7. In abrake mechanism, a revoluble shaft, a hub fixed on said shaft,said hub having a peripheral groove therein, one or more pawls pivotedin said groove, a ring revolubly mounted on said hub and having aratchetring adapted to be engaged bysaid pawls, a friction-band on saidring, and a hanger connected to said band, substantially asspecified.

8. In a brake mechanism, arevoluble shaft, a hub fixed on said shaft, aring revolubly mounted on said hub and having flanges inclosing theperiphery of said hub,clutch mechanism for engaging said ring with saidhub, a friction-band on said ring, and a hanger pivotally connected tosaid band, substantially as specified.

9. In a brake mechanism, a friction-brake,

a fulcrumed lever having an adjustable connection with said brake, asecond lever rigidly connected with said first lever, mechanismconnecting said second lever with the load, and mechanism forautomatically controlling the action of said fulcrumed lever upon saidbrake, substantially as specified.

10. In a brake mechanism, a revoluble shaft, a friction-brake connectedwith said shaft, a fulcrumed lever connected with said brake, mechanismfor connecting said fulcrumed lever with the load, a link connected withsaid fulcrumed lever, and mechanism connecting said link with said shaftfor automatically adjusting said brake, substantially as specified.

11. In a brake mechanism, a revoluble shaft, a ring on said shaft,mechanism for clutching said ring to said shaft, a band on said ring, acylinder fixed relative to said shaft and having one end of said bandconnected therewith, a disk loose on said shaft and having the other endof said band connected therewith, a fulcrumed lever connected with saiddisk, and automatic mechanism for controlling said f ulcru med lever,substantially as specified.

12. In a brake mechanism, a revoluble shaft, a sleeve revolubly fixedbut longitudinally movable on said shaft, a collar on said sleeve, alink pivotally connected with said collar, a fulerumedlever pivotallyconnected 20 to said link, a block pivotally connected to said fulcrumedlever, a friction-brake comprising a rotary member and a band thereon,an adjustable hanger connected with said block and band, and mechanismfor clutching said 2 5 rotary member to said shaft, substantially asspecified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, this 2d day ofFebruary, 1901, in the presence of the subscribing witnesses.

JOHNSON HUGHES.

Witnesses:

THOMAS S. GATES, PERCIVAL H. GRANGER.

